Version 0.13.1 (February 3, 2014)#

This is a minor release from 0.13.0 and includes a small number of API changes, several new features, enhancements, and performance improvements along with a large number of bug fixes. We recommend that all users upgrade to this version.

Highlights include:

Added infer_datetime_format keyword to read_csv/to_datetime to allow speedups for homogeneously formatted datetimes.
Will intelligently limit display precision for datetime/timedelta formats.
Enhanced Panel apply() method.
Suggested tutorials in new Tutorials section.
Our pandas ecosystem is growing, We now feature related projects in a new ecosystem page section.
Much work has been taking place on improving the docs, and a new Contributing section has been added.
Even though it may only be of interest to devs, we <3 our new CI status page: ScatterCI.

Warning

0.13.1 fixes a bug that was caused by a combination of having numpy < 1.8, and doing chained assignment on a string-like array. Please review the docs, chained indexing can have unexpected results and should generally be avoided.

This would previously segfault:

In [1]: df = pd.DataFrame({"A": np.array(["foo", "bar", "bah", "foo", "bar"])})

In [2]: df["A"].iloc[0] = np.nan

In [3]: df
Out[3]: 
     A
0  NaN
1  bar
2  bah
3  foo
4  bar

The recommended way to do this type of assignment is:

In [4]: df = pd.DataFrame({"A": np.array(["foo", "bar", "bah", "foo", "bar"])})

In [5]: df.loc[0, "A"] = np.nan

In [6]: df
Out[6]: 
     A
0  NaN
1  bar
2  bah
3  foo
4  bar

Output formatting enhancements#

df.info() view now display dtype info per column (GH 5682)

df.info() now honors the option max_info_rows, to disable null counts for large frames (GH 5974)

In [7]: max_info_rows = pd.get_option("max_info_rows")

In [8]: df = pd.DataFrame(
   ...:     {
   ...:         "A": np.random.randn(10),
   ...:         "B": np.random.randn(10),
   ...:         "C": pd.date_range("20130101", periods=10),
   ...:     }
   ...: )
   ...: 

In [9]: df.iloc[3:6, [0, 2]] = np.nan

# set to not display the null counts
In [10]: pd.set_option("max_info_rows", 0)

In [11]: df.info()
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 10 entries, 0 to 9
Data columns (total 3 columns):
 #   Column  Dtype         
---  ------  -----         
 0   A       float64       
 1   B       float64       
 2   C       datetime64[ns]
dtypes: datetime64[ns](1), float64(2)
memory usage: 368.0 bytes

# this is the default (same as in 0.13.0)
In [12]: pd.set_option("max_info_rows", max_info_rows)

In [13]: df.info()
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 10 entries, 0 to 9
Data columns (total 3 columns):
 #   Column  Non-Null Count  Dtype         
---  ------  --------------  -----         
 0   A       7 non-null      float64       
 1   B       10 non-null     float64       
 2   C       7 non-null      datetime64[ns]
dtypes: datetime64[ns](1), float64(2)
memory usage: 368.0 bytes

Add show_dimensions display option for the new DataFrame repr to control whether the dimensions print.

In [14]: df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]])

In [15]: pd.set_option("show_dimensions", False)

In [16]: df
Out[16]: 
   0  1
0  1  2
1  3  4

In [17]: pd.set_option("show_dimensions", True)

In [18]: df
Out[18]: 
   0  1
0  1  2
1  3  4

[2 rows x 2 columns]

The ArrayFormatter for datetime and timedelta64 now intelligently limit precision based on the values in the array (GH 3401)

Previously output might look like:

  age                 today               diff
0 2001-01-01 00:00:00 2013-04-19 00:00:00 4491 days, 00:00:00
1 2004-06-01 00:00:00 2013-04-19 00:00:00 3244 days, 00:00:00

Now the output looks like:

In [19]: df = pd.DataFrame(
   ....:     [pd.Timestamp("20010101"), pd.Timestamp("20040601")], columns=["age"]
   ....: )
   ....: 

In [20]: df["today"] = pd.Timestamp("20130419")

In [21]: df["diff"] = df["today"] - df["age"]

In [22]: df
Out[22]: 
         age      today      diff
0 2001-01-01 2013-04-19 4491 days
1 2004-06-01 2013-04-19 3244 days

[2 rows x 3 columns]

API changes#

Add -NaN and -nan to the default set of NA values (GH 5952). See NA Values.

Added Series.str.get_dummies vectorized string method (GH 6021), to extract dummy/indicator variables for separated string columns:

In [23]: s = pd.Series(["a", "a|b", np.nan, "a|c"])

In [24]: s.str.get_dummies(sep="|")
Out[24]: 
   a  b  c
0  1  0  0
1  1  1  0
2  0  0  0
3  1  0  1

[4 rows x 3 columns]

Added the NDFrame.equals() method to compare if two NDFrames are equal have equal axes, dtypes, and values. Added the array_equivalent function to compare if two ndarrays are equal. NaNs in identical locations are treated as equal. (GH 5283) See also the docs for a motivating example.
```
df = pd.DataFrame({"col": ["foo", 0, np.nan]})
df2 = pd.DataFrame({"col": [np.nan, 0, "foo"]}, index=[2, 1, 0])
df.equals(df2)
df.equals(df2.sort_index())
```
DataFrame.apply will use the reduce argument to determine whether a Series or a DataFrame should be returned when the DataFrame is empty (GH 6007).

Previously, calling DataFrame.apply an empty DataFrame would return either a DataFrame if there were no columns, or the function being applied would be called with an empty Series to guess whether a Series or DataFrame should be returned:
```
In [32]: def applied_func(col):
  ....:    print("Apply function being called with: ", col)
  ....:    return col.sum()
  ....:

In [33]: empty = DataFrame(columns=['a', 'b'])

In [34]: empty.apply(applied_func)
Apply function being called with:  Series([], Length: 0, dtype: float64)
Out[34]:
a   NaN
b   NaN
Length: 2, dtype: float64
```
Now, when apply is called on an empty DataFrame: if the reduce argument is True a Series will returned, if it is False a DataFrame will be returned, and if it is None (the default) the function being applied will be called with an empty series to try and guess the return type.
```
In [35]: empty.apply(applied_func, reduce=True)
Out[35]:
a   NaN
b   NaN
Length: 2, dtype: float64

In [36]: empty.apply(applied_func, reduce=False)
Out[36]:
Empty DataFrame
Columns: [a, b]
Index: []

[0 rows x 2 columns]
```

Prior version deprecations/changes#

There are no announced changes in 0.13 or prior that are taking effect as of 0.13.1

Deprecations#

There are no deprecations of prior behavior in 0.13.1

Enhancements#

pd.read_csv and pd.to_datetime learned a new infer_datetime_format keyword which greatly improves parsing perf in many cases. Thanks to @lexual for suggesting and @danbirken for rapidly implementing. (GH 5490, GH 6021)

If parse_dates is enabled and this flag is set, pandas will attempt to infer the format of the datetime strings in the columns, and if it can be inferred, switch to a faster method of parsing them. In some cases this can increase the parsing speed by ~5-10x.
```
# Try to infer the format for the index column
df = pd.read_csv(
    "foo.csv", index_col=0, parse_dates=True, infer_datetime_format=True
)
```
date_format and datetime_format keywords can now be specified when writing to excel files (GH 4133)

MultiIndex.from_product convenience function for creating a MultiIndex from the cartesian product of a set of iterables (GH 6055):

In [25]: shades = ["light", "dark"]

In [26]: colors = ["red", "green", "blue"]

In [27]: pd.MultiIndex.from_product([shades, colors], names=["shade", "color"])
Out[27]: 
MultiIndex([('light',   'red'),
            ('light', 'green'),
            ('light',  'blue'),
            ( 'dark',   'red'),
            ( 'dark', 'green'),
            ( 'dark',  'blue')],
           names=['shade', 'color'])

Panel apply() will work on non-ufuncs. See the docs.

In [28]: import pandas._testing as tm

In [29]: panel = tm.makePanel(5)

In [30]: panel
Out[30]:
<class 'pandas.core.panel.Panel'>
Dimensions: 3 (items) x 5 (major_axis) x 4 (minor_axis)
Items axis: ItemA to ItemC
Major_axis axis: 2000-01-03 00:00:00 to 2000-01-07 00:00:00
Minor_axis axis: A to D

In [31]: panel['ItemA']
Out[31]:
                   A         B         C         D
2000-01-03 -0.673690  0.577046 -1.344312 -1.469388
2000-01-04  0.113648 -1.715002  0.844885  0.357021
2000-01-05 -1.478427 -1.039268  1.075770 -0.674600
2000-01-06  0.524988 -0.370647 -0.109050 -1.776904
2000-01-07  0.404705 -1.157892  1.643563 -0.968914

[5 rows x 4 columns]

Specifying an apply that operates on a Series (to return a single element)

In [32]: panel.apply(lambda x: x.dtype, axis='items')
Out[32]:
                  A        B        C        D
2000-01-03  float64  float64  float64  float64
2000-01-04  float64  float64  float64  float64
2000-01-05  float64  float64  float64  float64
2000-01-06  float64  float64  float64  float64
2000-01-07  float64  float64  float64  float64

[5 rows x 4 columns]

A similar reduction type operation

In [33]: panel.apply(lambda x: x.sum(), axis='major_axis')
Out[33]:
      ItemA     ItemB     ItemC
A -1.108775 -1.090118 -2.984435
B -3.705764  0.409204  1.866240
C  2.110856  2.960500 -0.974967
D -4.532785  0.303202 -3.685193

[4 rows x 3 columns]

This is equivalent to

In [34]: panel.sum('major_axis')
Out[34]:
      ItemA     ItemB     ItemC
A -1.108775 -1.090118 -2.984435
B -3.705764  0.409204  1.866240
C  2.110856  2.960500 -0.974967
D -4.532785  0.303202 -3.685193

[4 rows x 3 columns]

A transformation operation that returns a Panel, but is computing the z-score across the major_axis

In [35]: result = panel.apply(lambda x: (x - x.mean()) / x.std(),
  ....:                      axis='major_axis')
  ....:

In [36]: result
Out[36]:
<class 'pandas.core.panel.Panel'>
Dimensions: 3 (items) x 5 (major_axis) x 4 (minor_axis)
Items axis: ItemA to ItemC
Major_axis axis: 2000-01-03 00:00:00 to 2000-01-07 00:00:00
Minor_axis axis: A to D

In [37]: result['ItemA']                           # noqa E999
Out[37]:
                  A         B         C         D
2000-01-03 -0.535778  1.500802 -1.506416 -0.681456
2000-01-04  0.397628 -1.108752  0.360481  1.529895
2000-01-05 -1.489811 -0.339412  0.557374  0.280845
2000-01-06  0.885279  0.421830 -0.453013 -1.053785
2000-01-07  0.742682 -0.474468  1.041575 -0.075499

[5 rows x 4 columns]

Panel apply() operating on cross-sectional slabs. (GH 1148)

In [38]: def f(x):
   ....:     return ((x.T - x.mean(1)) / x.std(1)).T
   ....:

In [39]: result = panel.apply(f, axis=['items', 'major_axis'])

In [40]: result
Out[40]:
<class 'pandas.core.panel.Panel'>
Dimensions: 4 (items) x 5 (major_axis) x 3 (minor_axis)
Items axis: A to D
Major_axis axis: 2000-01-03 00:00:00 to 2000-01-07 00:00:00
Minor_axis axis: ItemA to ItemC

In [41]: result.loc[:, :, 'ItemA']
Out[41]:
                   A         B         C         D
2000-01-03  0.012922 -0.030874 -0.629546 -0.757034
2000-01-04  0.392053 -1.071665  0.163228  0.548188
2000-01-05 -1.093650 -0.640898  0.385734 -1.154310
2000-01-06  1.005446 -1.154593 -0.595615 -0.809185
2000-01-07  0.783051 -0.198053  0.919339 -1.052721

[5 rows x 4 columns]

This is equivalent to the following

In [42]: result = pd.Panel({ax: f(panel.loc[:, :, ax]) for ax in panel.minor_axis})

In [43]: result
Out[43]:
<class 'pandas.core.panel.Panel'>
Dimensions: 4 (items) x 5 (major_axis) x 3 (minor_axis)
Items axis: A to D
Major_axis axis: 2000-01-03 00:00:00 to 2000-01-07 00:00:00
Minor_axis axis: ItemA to ItemC

In [44]: result.loc[:, :, 'ItemA']
Out[44]:
                   A         B         C         D
2000-01-03  0.012922 -0.030874 -0.629546 -0.757034
2000-01-04  0.392053 -1.071665  0.163228  0.548188
2000-01-05 -1.093650 -0.640898  0.385734 -1.154310
2000-01-06  1.005446 -1.154593 -0.595615 -0.809185
2000-01-07  0.783051 -0.198053  0.919339 -1.052721

[5 rows x 4 columns]

Performance#

Performance improvements for 0.13.1

Series datetime/timedelta binary operations (GH 5801)
DataFrame count/dropna for axis=1
Series.str.contains now has a regex=False keyword which can be faster for plain (non-regex) string patterns. (GH 5879)
Series.str.extract (GH 5944)
dtypes/ftypes methods (GH 5968)
indexing with object dtypes (GH 5968)
DataFrame.apply (GH 6013)
Regression in JSON IO (GH 5765)
Index construction from Series (GH 6150)

Experimental#

There are no experimental changes in 0.13.1

Bug fixes#

Bug in io.wb.get_countries not including all countries (GH 6008)
Bug in Series replace with timestamp dict (GH 5797)
read_csv/read_table now respects the prefix kwarg (GH 5732).
Bug in selection with missing values via .ix from a duplicate indexed DataFrame failing (GH 5835)
Fix issue of boolean comparison on empty DataFrames (GH 5808)
Bug in isnull handling NaT in an object array (GH 5443)
Bug in to_datetime when passed a np.nan or integer datelike and a format string (GH 5863)
Bug in groupby dtype conversion with datetimelike (GH 5869)
Regression in handling of empty Series as indexers to Series (GH 5877)
Bug in internal caching, related to (GH 5727)
Testing bug in reading JSON/msgpack from a non-filepath on windows under py3 (GH 5874)
Bug when assigning to .ix[tuple(…)] (GH 5896)
Bug in fully reindexing a Panel (GH 5905)
Bug in idxmin/max with object dtypes (GH 5914)
Bug in BusinessDay when adding n days to a date not on offset when n>5 and n%5==0 (GH 5890)
Bug in assigning to chained series with a series via ix (GH 5928)
Bug in creating an empty DataFrame, copying, then assigning (GH 5932)
Bug in DataFrame.tail with empty frame (GH 5846)
Bug in propagating metadata on resample (GH 5862)
Fixed string-representation of NaT to be “NaT” (GH 5708)
Fixed string-representation for Timestamp to show nanoseconds if present (GH 5912)
pd.match not returning passed sentinel
Panel.to_frame() no longer fails when major_axis is a MultiIndex (GH 5402).
Bug in pd.read_msgpack with inferring a DateTimeIndex frequency incorrectly (GH 5947)
Fixed to_datetime for array with both Tz-aware datetimes and NaT’s (GH 5961)
Bug in rolling skew/kurtosis when passed a Series with bad data (GH 5749)
Bug in scipy interpolate methods with a datetime index (GH 5975)
Bug in NaT comparison if a mixed datetime/np.datetime64 with NaT were passed (GH 5968)
Fixed bug with pd.concat losing dtype information if all inputs are empty (GH 5742)
Recent changes in IPython cause warnings to be emitted when using previous versions of pandas in QTConsole, now fixed. If you’re using an older version and need to suppress the warnings, see (GH 5922).
Bug in merging timedelta dtypes (GH 5695)
Bug in plotting.scatter_matrix function. Wrong alignment among diagonal and off-diagonal plots, see (GH 5497).
Regression in Series with a MultiIndex via ix (GH 6018)
Bug in Series.xs with a MultiIndex (GH 6018)
Bug in Series construction of mixed type with datelike and an integer (which should result in object type and not automatic conversion) (GH 6028)
Possible segfault when chained indexing with an object array under NumPy 1.7.1 (GH 6026, GH 6056)
Bug in setting using fancy indexing a single element with a non-scalar (e.g. a list), (GH 6043)
to_sql did not respect if_exists (GH 4110 GH 4304)
Regression in .get(None) indexing from 0.12 (GH 5652)
Subtle iloc indexing bug, surfaced in (GH 6059)
Bug with insert of strings into DatetimeIndex (GH 5818)
Fixed unicode bug in to_html/HTML repr (GH 6098)
Fixed missing arg validation in get_options_data (GH 6105)
Bug in assignment with duplicate columns in a frame where the locations are a slice (e.g. next to each other) (GH 6120)
Bug in propagating _ref_locs during construction of a DataFrame with dups index/columns (GH 6121)
Bug in DataFrame.apply when using mixed datelike reductions (GH 6125)
Bug in DataFrame.append when appending a row with different columns (GH 6129)
Bug in DataFrame construction with recarray and non-ns datetime dtype (GH 6140)
Bug in .loc setitem indexing with a dataframe on rhs, multiple item setting, and a datetimelike (GH 6152)
Fixed a bug in query/eval during lexicographic string comparisons (GH 6155).
Fixed a bug in query where the index of a single-element Series was being thrown away (GH 6148).
Bug in HDFStore on appending a dataframe with MultiIndexed columns to an existing table (GH 6167)
Consistency with dtypes in setting an empty DataFrame (GH 6171)
Bug in selecting on a MultiIndex HDFStore even in the presence of under specified column spec (GH 6169)
Bug in nanops.var with ddof=1 and 1 elements would sometimes return inf rather than nan on some platforms (GH 6136)
Bug in Series and DataFrame bar plots ignoring the use_index keyword (GH 6209)
Bug in groupby with mixed str/int under python3 fixed; argsort was failing (GH 6212)

Contributors#

A total of 52 people contributed patches to this release. People with a “+” by their names contributed a patch for the first time.

Alex Rothberg
Alok Singhal +
Andrew Burrows +
Andy Hayden
Bjorn Arneson +
Brad Buran
Caleb Epstein
Chapman Siu
Chase Albert +
Clark Fitzgerald +
DSM
Dan Birken
Daniel Waeber +
David Wolever +
Doran Deluz +
Douglas McNeil +
Douglas Rudd +
Dražen Lučanin
Elliot S +
Felix Lawrence +
George Kuan +
Guillaume Gay +
Jacob Schaer
Jan Wagner +
Jeff Tratner
John McNamara
Joris Van den Bossche
Julia Evans +
Kieran O’Mahony
Michael Schatzow +
Naveen Michaud-Agrawal +
Patrick O’Keeffe +
Phillip Cloud
Roman Pekar
Skipper Seabold
Spencer Lyon
Tom Augspurger +
TomAugspurger
acorbe +
akittredge +
bmu +
bwignall +
chapman siu
danielballan
david +
davidshinn
immerrr +
jreback
lexual
mwaskom +
unutbu
y-p