pandas.plotting.andrews_curves

pandas.plotting.andrews_curves(frame, class_column, ax=None, samples=200, color=None, colormap=None, **kwargs)

Generate a matplotlib plot for visualizing clusters of multivariate data.

Andrews curves have the functional form:

\[f(t) = \frac{x_1}{\sqrt{2}} + x_2 \sin(t) + x_3 \cos(t) + x_4 \sin(2t) + x_5 \cos(2t) + \cdots\]

Where \(x\) coefficients correspond to the values of each dimension and \(t\) is linearly spaced between \(-\pi\) and \(+\pi\). Each row of frame then corresponds to a single curve.

Parameters:

frameDataFrame

Data to be plotted, preferably normalized to (0.0, 1.0).

class_columnlabel

Name of the column containing class names.

axaxes object, default None

Axes to use.

samplesint

Number of points to plot in each curve.

colorstr, list[str] or tuple[str], optional

Colors to use for the different classes. Colors can be strings or 3-element floating point RGB values.

colormapstr or matplotlib colormap object, default None

Colormap to select colors from. If a string, load colormap with that name from matplotlib.

**kwargs

Options to pass to matplotlib plotting method.

Returns:

matplotlib.axes.Axes

The matplotlib Axes object with the plot.

See also

plotting.parallel_coordinates

Plot parallel coordinates chart.

DataFrame.plot

Make plots of Series or DataFrame.

Examples

>>> df = pd.DataFrame(
...     {
...         "SepalLength": [6.5, 7.7, 5.1, 5.8, 7.6, 5.0, 5.4, 4.6, 6.7, 4.6],
...         "SepalWidth": [3.0, 3.8, 3.8, 2.7, 3.0, 2.3, 3.0, 3.2, 3.3, 3.6],
...         "PetalLength": [5.5, 6.7, 1.9, 5.1, 6.6, 3.3, 4.5, 1.4, 5.7, 1.0],
...         "PetalWidth": [1.8, 2.2, 0.4, 1.9, 2.1, 1.0, 1.5, 0.2, 2.1, 0.2],
...         "Name": [
...             "virginica",
...             "virginica",
...             "setosa",
...             "virginica",
...             "virginica",
...             "versicolor",
...             "versicolor",
...             "setosa",
...             "virginica",
...             "setosa",
...         ],
...     }
... )
>>> pd.plotting.andrews_curves(df, "Name")